Achilles Insertional Tendinopathy |
Definition Presentations and conditions are more often combined and intricated, mixing bone impingement, bursitis , degenerative changing's in the distal end of the Achilles tendon. Causes Pes cavus, morphology of the calcaneus itself (prominence of the posterosuperior aspect of the calcaneus, so-called « Haglund’ deformity »), tightening of the triceps surae, leads to impingement between the calcaneus and the distal end of the Achilles tendon, bursitis, spurs on the heel bone…. Symptoms Diagnosis
A raising of the heel allows the tendon to be somewhat removed from the bone and thus to reduce the friction between them. The combination with physiotherapy heals patients in most cases from “Haglund disease”. Elongation exercises may decrease the over tension in the calf. Insoles to correct hindfoot deformity are suitable. The injection of cortisone or one of its derivatives may weaken the area and sometimes cause a rupture. The main problem is the evolution to a progressive degenerative rupture of the Achilles tendon at its insertion.
So, surgery must be considered,, with different goals : a. ensuring that no conflict occurs between the tendons itself and the bone: the removal of the excessive bone growth is made through arthroscopy or open surgery. b. regarding anatomical morphology of the calcaneus, this technique remains insufficient :by taking out a piece of bone from the heel bone through an osteotomy, the impingement is treated. However, this requires a longer rehabilitation, since the two bone fragments, fixed with a screw or a plate, will only fuse again after a 6 weeks minimum. During that period, the patient cannot lean on the ankle and often a plaster is needed. c. additional procedures are proposed on request such as :
d. When the distal end of the Achilles tendon is severely damaged, the Achilles tendon becomes totally insufficient. It must be reinforced by the transplantation of the flexor tendon of the big toe . |
23/10/2020 » 24/10/2020
EFAS Congress 2020
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The Foot and Ankle Warsaw Cadaver Lab Course